When people use the term Virus, they are really referring to what is known as malware.  “ware” refers to the fact that it is a product (whether you actually want this product is a completely different story).  What proceeds that defines what it is.  Software is generally a program you install that you pay for.  Freeware is just like it sounds, a program you install on your computer that is free.  Shareware is a program that is offered for a period of time for free (typically a free trial).  Malware refers to a program on your computer that is malicious in nature.  It is designed to take control, annoy, and destroy!  There are several different types of malware, and understanding exactly what they are and do can help you to eliminate the ones already on your machine, and avoid the ones just waiting for their turn!

Virus

This type of malware is designed to transfer itself from one computer to another.  This is the vehicle that helps infections to spread from one computer or device to another

Trojan

Think of the Trojan horse (obviously how it got its name).  This will give an unauthorized user access to your computer.  This doesn’t necessarily mean moving your mouse, but more behind the scenes access.  It doesn’t want you to even know it’s there!

Worm

Have you ever cut a real worm in half?  What will it do?  It creates two worms.  That’s exactly what this malware does, it will replicate itself over and over within your computer

Adware

I probably see this one the most, especially as it relates to fake antivirus alerts.  This will create endless amounts of popups on your system and take over all of your internet browsing.  RUDE!  This also could mean that the software is supported by running ads within it.  Just make sure you actually installed it!

Spyware

As opposed to adware, this type of malware is more of a secret agent, quietly sending all of your browsing and computing habits back to a server so they can gather data about you.

Rootkit

This will open a permanent “back door” into your system.  When a rootkit is installed in your computer you will continue to get more and more viruses as various hackers find your computer exposed and attack

Botnet/DDOS Attack

This type of malware will infect your computer, and then remain dormant until the hacker has enough infected computers ready to attack another computer (usually a major website or other large company).  DDOS stands for Distributed Denial of Service.  It means that all of the attacking computers will overload the target computer causing it to crash.  Think of a sleeper agent, who looks like a normal guy until he’s activated and ready to attack!

-Sarah Kimmel